LCGC Europe Application Note Alert Having trouble viewing this email? Click here Vivaspin® Concentrators for Low-Concentrated Protein Samples Outlines a pre-treatment process for Vivaspin concentrators to improve recovery of very dilute protein samples in the nano- to microgram concentration range. Desalting and Buffer Exchange with Vivaspin® Centrifugal Concentrators Outlines desalting or buffer exchange processes for Vivaspin concentrators to allow a significant reduction in salt concentration without diluting the protein sample. Vivaspin®: Concentration to a Defined Volume Describes a method for reproducible, defined final volumes using several Vivaspin® centrifugal concentrators: Turbo 15, Turbo 4, and 500.