Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections Among HIV-Exposed and HIV-Infected Children
Highly active antiretroviral treatment regimens suppress viral replication, provide significant immune reconstitution, and have resulted in a substantial and dramatic decrease in acquired immuno deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related opportunistic infections (OIs) and deaths. Despite this progress, prevention and management of OIs remain critical components of care for human immuno deficiency virus (HIV)-infected children.
This activity provides evidence-based guidelines for treatment of opportunistic pathogens that are common in HIV-exposed and HIV-infected children in the Unites States, based on recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, and the American Academy of Pediatrics.
Upon completion, participants should be able to describe the differences between HIV-infected children in the clinical presentation and laboratory diagnosis of HIV-associated opportunistic infections; describe recommended treatment of HIV-related opportunistic infections in HIV-infected children; describe recommendations for screening for M. tuberculosis infection in HIV-infected children; describe treatment of suspected congenital syphilis in HIV-exposed infants; and describe recommendations for secondary chemoprophylaxis of HIV-infected children following infection with HIV-associated opportunistic pathogens.
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